Your browser version is no longer supported. Please consider updating.
You can also check our browser requirements here.

Find & Book Music Studios for Rent in Toronto - Recording & Production Spaces

Search and book thousands of unique Music Studio spaces to rent for your production in Toronto, Canada.
  • 1M +
    Users on platform
  • 1374
    Locations in Toronto, Canada
  • $165 CAD /hr
    Average cost

Top Music Studio spaces in Toronto, Canada

  • SuperHost
    Toronto Photo Studio Rental & Event Space Loft!
    New
    4.9 (283)
    45 guests
    Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $89 CAD /hr Instant book
    WITH US, IT'S EASY: -easy to access by TTC & car (lots of parking) -easy to find, accessible unit at building front entrance -easy support: always available during rentals (just call us!) -space is fully furnished, with natural light *PRICING PREMIUMS: — Our listed rate is for weekdays during our open hours (6am-9pm) for small productions under 10 people. For events, the rate increases. — Between 9pm-1am the rate is 250/h, after 1am it's 500/h. — Please add 13% HST to all r
  • SuperHost
    Prime Creative Studio
    New
    5.0 (40)
    15 guests
    Markham, ON
    Responds within a few hours
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $35 CAD /hr Instant book
    In this space, clients can take advantage of a wide range of professional and versatile facilities, including: 1. Professional and attractive lighting: Ideal for photography, videography, and music video production. 2. Advanced sound system: Suitable for live performances, sound recording, and even small concerts or music events. 3. Perfect for conferences and workshops: An ideal space for meetings, business conferences, and educational workshops. 4. Film screenings and private viewings: Hi
  • SuperHost
    Modern Multimedia Podcast Studio
    New
    5.0 (22)
    15 guests
    Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $47 CAD /hr Instant book
    A state of the art broadcasting studio located on Toronto’s vibrant and energetic Lakeshore West. Fully equipped with audio and visual tools for your podcasts, live stream, professional photography, cooking shows, work out videos, and other creative needs. Backdrops •Feature Grass wall 80"x80" •Pink Paper backdrops(8 feet) •White Paper Backdrop (4 feet) •Multiple velvet curtains •Fitness Area •Art Mural Washroom •Kitchenette Equipment Included • 32" Smart
  • SuperHost
    780 sqf Unique textured cyc, natural light large windows
    New
    5.0 (31)
    30 guests
    Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $80 CAD /hr Instant book
    Located on the ground floor in Queen West Toronto, just steps from Trinity Bellwoods Park, Location A is a 9,500 square foot photography and video studio designed for modern creative work. The space features seven unique studios, including two kitchen studios, a podcast studio, two full-size cycloramas, a makeup room, and a large event space—ideal for photo shoots, video productions, content creation, and brand activations. With 12-foot ceilings, large windows, and beautiful natural light, Loc
  • SuperHost
    Podcast Recording Studio
    New
    5.0 (5)
    5 guests
    Markham, ON
    Responds within a few hours
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $60 CAD /hr Instant book
    Professional Podcast Studios with Full Video & Audio Production Step into a space built for creators who want their podcast to look and sound world-class. Our studios are fully equipped with everything you need for a cinematic podcasting experience. 🎥 Multi-Camera Filming – Record your show with three professional 6K cinema cameras, capturing every angle in stunning detail. 🎙️ High-End Audio – Broadcast-quality microphones and audio mixers ensure crystal-clear sound. 🎬 Editi
  • SuperHost
    Creative Studio in Downtown Toronto (CN Tower View)
    New
    5.0 (10)
    30 guests
    Old Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $100 CAD /hr Instant book
    The studio has a lot of natural lights facing southwest and an unobstructed view of CN Tower. It has meticulously designed sets in a 1300-square-foot studio for creators and brands looking for amazing video production and product shoots.
  • SuperHost
    *NEW* Sunlit Industrial Loft with Modern Lounge Setup
    New
    5.0 (9)
    15 guests
    Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $80 CAD /hr Instant book
    700 sq.ft. Sunlit Industrial Loft with Modern Lounge Setup This studio space features a bright, airy loft aesthetic with a warm, inviting atmosphere—ideal for interviews, lifestyle shoots, podcasts, or relaxed editorial photography. Large industrial-style windows flood the room with natural light, creating soft highlights across the wood floors and textured walls. The sunlight gives the space a warm golden tone throughout the day, making it especially well suited for natural-light photograph
  • SuperHost
    PODCAST STUDIO
    New
    4.25 (22)
    15 guests
    Old Toronto, ON
    Responds within a few hours
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $95 CAD /hr Instant book
    Welcome to Our Professional Podcast Studio Studio Space: - Intimate and Private: Our studio offers an enclosed room, perfect for focused recordings. - Sleek Minimal Modern Design: The studio features neutral walls, creating a professional and distraction-free environment with options to elevate the space like ambient lighting and plants. - Sound Quality: Sound-treated studio, equipped with high-quality sound panels, ensuring crystal-clear audio capture. - Multi-Camera Ample Seating: Accommoda
  • SuperHost
    Beautiful Recording Studio Downtown
    New
    5.0 (11)
    5 guests
    Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    Selective acceptance rate
    This host reviews each request carefully and may not always approve.
    From $85 CAD /hr Instant book
    We'd like to invite you to visit our brand new recording studio located at the heart downtown Toronto. We are a fully equipped and full service recording studio. Our equipment is only available when booking a recording session. Perfect for: •PRODUCTION: Music recording, podcast, voice over, interview shoots, video, TV, film. Features: •450 sqft of acoustically treated space. •Recording vocal booth, fully treated and equipped (equipment only available when booking a session with
  • SuperHost
    Bright Downtown Studio for Photo & Video shoots
    New
    5.0 (9)
    5 guests
    Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $49 CAD /hr Instant book
    Step into a bright and stylish creative space nestled in the heart of downtown Toronto. Designed for creative entrepreneurs, content creators, and wellness professionals, this cozy 300 sq ft studio is filled with natural light from beautiful south-facing Victorian windows — perfect for photoshoots, video production, branding sessions, podcasts, and more. The space features high ceilings, hardwood floors, and a warm, minimalist vibe that supports a range of setups — from headshots and inter
  • SuperHost
    Modern Video Podcast Set
    New
    5.0 (23)
    15 guests
    Old Toronto, ON
    Responds within a few hours
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $90 CAD /hr Instant book
    Studio Hours: Monday — Friday: 9am-8pm Saturday — Sunday: On Request Welcome to our Studio, a modern podcast-on-video studio in the heart of Leslieville. Newly updated and perfect for your next hit show, passion project, specialty video episode or corporate podcast. The five displays behind the set are easily branded to give the set a bespoke feel, perfectly in line with your brand and creative. Enjoy up to four people comfortably on camera. The set features three sony cameras, four Shure
  • SuperHost
    Industrial production studio with large dance studio mirrors
    New
    5.0 (10)
    45 guests
    Old Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $50 CAD /hr Instant book
    MIRRORS CAN BE EASILY REMOVED Welcome to our versatile industrial-style studio located in the heart of Toronto's King West neighbourhood. Spanning 1,000 sq ft, this creative space is meticulously designed to cater to a variety of productions, including photography, film, podcasts, and culinary shoots. Room 2: A spacious main studio (15x30 ft) boasting high ceilings ideal for large-scale productions, events, socials and markets. Amenities Fully-equipped kitchen with modern appliances, sui
  • SuperHost
    Fully equipped Podcast Studio
    New
    5.0 (0)
    15 guests
    Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    From $80 CAD /hr Instant book
    Discover our fully equipped podcast studio in downtown Toronto, designed for creators, brands, and production teams seeking professional-quality audio. The studio features premium RØDE microphones, Zoom audio interfaces, and sound-treated walls to ensure clean, broadcast-ready recordings. Perfect for podcasts, interviews, voiceovers, and livestreams, the space offers an easy, plug-and-record setup suitable for both beginners and experienced podcasters. For creators looking to elevate their con
  • SuperHost
    Mixed Media Studio by The Lake
    New
    5.0 (7)
    15 guests
    Etobicoke, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $35 CAD /hr Instant book
    Our private studio space is located just off the Gardiner expressway in south Etobicoke. We offer an ideal location for any creatives seeking to utilize a private, safe space at an affordable rate An ideal gathering place for Recording, Podcasting, Streaming, Film Production, Photography, Client Meetings, & more as requested. A ROOM - Recording Room ( Engineer provided upon request / $20 extra per hour ) - Neumann TLM - Apollo Twin Interface - Yamaha HS8 Monitors - Behringer STUDIO L Co
  • SuperHost
    Intimate Production Studio with World-Class Acoustics
    New
    5.0 (5)
    15 guests
    Old Toronto, ON
    Responds within a few hours
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $60 CAD /hr Instant book
    Discover the perfect location for your next creative project in our intimate production studio, designed to inspire and deliver exceptional results. Featuring a world-class acoustic environment, this space is ideal for music production, recording, or any sound-related work. Built with sustainable techniques, our studio reflects a commitment to eco-conscious design while offering a modern, professional atmosphere. We pride ourselves on being a safe, accessible, and inclusive space where creators
  • SuperHost
    Vintage-Inspired Recording & Creative Studio
    New
    5.0 (6)
    45 guests
    Old Toronto, ON
    Responds within a few hours
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $42 CAD /hr Instant book
    This Unique, Ground-level Recording & Production Micro Studio located in the heart of Liberty Village—perfect for musicians, producers, podcasters, photographers, and content creators alike. This versatile, multipurpose space is equipped with professional recording equipment, a sound isolation booth, and an array of musical instruments to bring your audio projects to life. The studio features tall ceilings, large west-facing windows that flood the space with natural light, and photo backd
  • SuperHost
    Vibrant Toronto Creative Loft & Music Production Studio (BUY
    New
    5.0 (2)
    45 guests
    Old Toronto, ON
    Responds within a few hours
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $100 CAD /hr Instant book
    Welcome to our vibrant creative and production studio in Toronto, a versatile space designed for collaboration, inspiration, and exceptional acoustics. Built using sustainable building techniques, this safe, accessible, and inclusive loft is ideal for a variety of uses, including photo and video shoots, intimate showcases, listening parties, talks, and offsite meetings. The studio boasts tall windows that flood the space with natural light, creating an inviting atmosphere perfect for both dayti
  • SuperHost
    15X10 LED WALL
    New
    5.0 (1)
    5 guests
    Scarborough, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $250 CAD /hr Instant book
    15X10 LED WALL 1.9 Million pixel. Perfect for film projects of any kind. Book your upcoming video shoot or photoshoot with our cutting-edge LED wall studio, designed for virtual production and immersive backgrounds. Our high-resolution LED wall creates a stunning and realistic environment for your next project. Perfect for: Film & TV Productions Commercial Photoshoots Music Videos & Social Media Content Product & Branding Shoots
  • SuperHost
    Studio A - Moroccan
    New
    5.0 (3)
    60+ guests
    Toronto, ON
    Responds within a few hours
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $150 CAD /hr Instant book
    The studio was designed and built by the noted firm of Pilshner/ Schoustal with incredible attention to detail, from the interior esthetics to the very best in outboard gear. Studio A is suitable for both recording and mixing, and features an SSL console. A spacious control room appointed in a Moroccan motif features natural light , and seating for 12. A large live room features a 23-foot ceiling, 2 ISO booths, second story catwalk, and concert grand piano.
  • SuperHost
    Flexible Podcast & Video Studio in Toronto
    New
    5.0 (1)
    15 guests
    Toronto, ON
    Responds within 1 hr
    High acceptance rate
    This host typically confirms bookings quickly and reliably.
    From $250 CAD /hr Instant book
    This creative production facility in Toronto offers a range of purpose‑built studios for audio and video content creation. Each room is designed to serve different production needs — from podcast recordings to cinematic video shoots — with professional‑grade equipment and thoughtful layouts that elevate your content. The spaces feature broadcast‑quality audio gear, multi‑camera 4K video setups, studio‑grade lighting, and acoustically treated environments that ensure clear sound an

Frequently Asked Questions about Music Studio spaces

Have a question about Music Studio in Toronto, Canada?
  • Do I need my own production or event insurance in Toronto?
    Yes. All renters are required to carry Comprehensive Liability and Property Damage insurance with liability coverage of no less than $1,000,000.
  • What protection plans are available for bookings in Toronto on Giggster?
    Giggster offers Damage Protection coverage that you can add to a booking at checkout. Learn more about Giggster's Damage Protection coverage.
  • What types of locations can I book in Toronto?
    You can choose from 42 types! Just search for locations in Toronto at giggster.com, then click 'Filters' to look for something specific.
  • How many Music Studio spaces are available in Toronto?
    Right now, there are 622 Music Studio spaces available in Toronto.
  • What payment methods does Giggster accept for Toronto bookings?
    You can pay for your booking with a credit card, or with ACH or wire transfer for bookings over $4k.
  • What is the cancellation policy for Toronto guests on Giggster?
    Refund options vary, based on when the booking is canceled. Learn more about Giggster's cancellation and refund policy.
  • What are the cleaning and safety policies for Toronto locations on Giggster?
    Now more than ever, your health and safety is our number one priority. We've outlined specific health and safety requirements for both hosts and guests. Learn more about Giggster's COVID-19 Health & Safety Measures.
  • What locations available near Toronto?
    You'll find up to 42 different types of locations in Toronto. Just start a search at giggster.com and narrow things down with the 'Filter' option.
  • Is there an extra cost to add more attendees to my Toronto booking?
    Yes. Pricing tiers are based on group size. For example, if you booked a space for a group of 1-5 for $3,000 CAD/hr, the price per person is $600 CAD/hr. Each additional person would increase the rate by $600 CAD/hr.
  • How much are average location rentals in Toronto?
    Rental rates vary with the type and features of the location, but the average rate in Toronto is $165 CAD per hour.
  • Why should I choose Giggster over other platforms offering rentals in Toronto?
    Giggster's got your back — and we know our stuff. Our Customer Support team is knowledgeable and accessible, we offer white glove Select service to help you find the perfect location, and we're experts on the unique needs of production teams.
  • What is the price range for Music Studio spaces in Toronto, ON?
    Booking prices vary with the property type, features, and rental length, but generally a 1-hour booking will be in the range of $20 CAD to $3,750 CAD.
  • Which Music Studio spaces are most popular in Toronto, ON in 2026?
    The top 3 Music Studio spaces in Toronto, ON right now are Toronto Photo Studio Rental & Event Space Loft!, Prime Creative Studio and Modern Multimedia Podcast Studio.
  • How do I book a Toronto location on Giggster?
    When you find the right venue, you can connect with the host to get additional info and work out the details. Once everything is all set, you can book and pay for the location in a couple of clicks. Learn more about booking locations.

Reviews for Music Studio spaces in Toronto, Canada

Rochelle A.
5
This place was perfect, Zack was super nice and super helpful. It was my first time me and my friends ever recorded in a studio and he was patient and kind and gave great types. It was also my birthday celebration and he was cool with me bringing everything I needed it. The space itself is very nice, clean and well stocked!
Clark M.
5
Zack was incredibly accommodating and responsive throughout our filming process. The location provided an immersive atmosphere for our project. The location is in downtown, making it an ideal spot. The well-equipped facilities added to the overall positive experience.
Brendon P.
5
Spot was great. Rented it for a video shoot. Great gear, cool spot in a decent location. 3rd floor of a building right on Queen Street. Zack was super helpful and kind. Would definitely suggest and likely rent again if I need to record vocals or shoot a studio video again. Air conditioning was also a life saver. No loading elevator or anything so expect to do a leg workout if bringing up equipment. Thanks, Secret Weapon!
Magill K.
5
Great flexibility and on site service. Would recommend.
ZENESOUL M.
5
Noam was very helpful and accommodating. The space was perfect! I will be booking again!
Evelyn N.
5
Noam was a great host and was very helpful! The space was beautiful and just what I needed.
Lara K.
5
Second time at Noam's place and will be back for sure! Great communication and place.
Lara K.
5
Loved the place, Noam was great, will be back for sure!

Keep the
Adventure Going!

Book top Music Studio spaces in Toronto, Canada, all in one app.

IOS app preview
IOS app QR code

Scan this code to download the Giggster app
directly from the App Store.

Need help finding the perfect Music Studio space in Toronto, Canada?

Our Select team will help you find what you're looking for.
Tell us what your need

Find Music Studio spaces in Toronto, Canada

Find Recording Studios in Downtown Toronto and Beyond

It's no big secret that Toronto is the entertainment capital of Canada, where solo artists and cover bands come to make it big. If you find yourself in need of a recording studio downtown, you're absolutely in luck.

From a musical loft event space in a historic building to a home-based studio in trendy Liberty Village, we've got what it takes to make your experience every bit as enjoyable as it is productive.

Worried your big break might be a bit beyond your means? Your dream-come-true may be closer than you think. We keep our rental rates low so we can get you into a studio and making a splash in the industry faster than ever.

If you’ve been on the hunt for a while, this should be music to your ears! The Giggster app is the only place to lock down a spectacular studio for less, so let’s not waste another minute.

Why Choose Giggster to Rent a Music Studio

Allow us to be your entertainment industry secret weapon. Not all music studios are created equal, but all of ours have merit in their own regard. Here are some of the standout media production spaces in store for you:

  • If you want to put your best foot forward as a new recording artist, stick with a professional recording studio. These no-fuss spaces boast wall-to-wall tech and promise crystal clear audio on your final product. Plus, you deserve the celebrity treatment.

  • Home-based music production has come a long way since the days of the garage band. Home studios now have premium soundproofing, top-notch equipment, and trendy furnishings.

  • With Toronto’s DJ scene taking off as of late, it's no surprise that you’ll find a handful of specialized DJ studios in addition to traditional ones with vocal booths. Not only do these gems offer high-end equipment for mixing vinyl, but they’re also visually pleasing for video content creation.

  • Whether you need a lounge area for a stripped-down acoustic jam sesh, a rehearsal space, or a warm venue for intimate concerts, the historic district’s creative lofts are the way to go.

  • A podcast studio is optimized for audio AND video recording, making it the obvious choice for content creators, but also for musicians who want to shoot acoustic covers, Q&As, or exclusive interviews.

Amazing Music Studios in Toronto Starting at Just $20 CAD/hour

Exceptional Variety & Quality: The Giggster app is the ultimate destination for spaces that meet all your music production needs. With our diverse range of studios for rent across the GTA, some 622 venues large, there’s an amazing space for everyone.

Hassle-Free Booking: We’re the premier choice when you want to find recording studios because providing you with a positive experience is our mission. Our app offers easy access to hidden gems at an affordable price and a fuss-free rental process.

24-Hour Free Cancellation Policy: We understand that life happens, and the last thing you need is another logistical hurdle when it all goes wrong. That’s why we promise 24 hours to cancel for free, as long as your reservation is over 48 hours away.

Platform Protections: Want a team of super helpful pros with great communication skills to take disruptions, damage, or liability concerns off your plate? Simply opt into one of our premium protection plans.

The Best Events for a Music Studio in Toronto

A recording studio may not be a one-size-fits-all venue, but it’s certainly not a one-trick pony either. Here are just a few of the ways you can make use of a studio for rent in Toronto:

  • Podcast Recording – Professional Equipment. What do the music and podcasting industries have in common? A vested interest in high quality sound.

  • Music Videos – Behind the Scenes. People love a good behind the scenes glimpse of the industry, so why not stage a film shoot and still photos while you’re at it and include them in your next music video?

  • Song Recordings – The Ultimate Venue. Whether it's a single track, a full album, or just a chance to tinker around and collaborate with other artists to see what comes of it, this is the best place to work on your next chart-topper.

  • Intimate Performances – Stripped Versions. We can’t think of a more exclusive, VIP experience for super fans.

Top Features to Look for in a Music Studio

Whether you're an aspiring artist or a pro musician, you want to produce only the highest quality of work. This entails making sure that you get the most out of the studio that you book. Here are some of the features you may want to look for in a professional music studio space:

Does it have state-of-the-art equipment? You want the best sound quality, so there’s no shame in being a tech snob.

How about dressing rooms/lounge areas? Because it can’t be all work and no play.

Does the studio have good lighting? You’ll need to define what that means to you, but natural light will look very different from studio light on camera.

Are there bathrooms and a kitchenette? The more of your needs you can meet on site, the longer you can hunker down and hammer out the work.

Is it a secure location? Whether you have a large fan base or you’re just getting started, safety and privacy are everything in this industry.

Things to Consider for Renting a Music Studio in Toronto

This is a location with a distinct personality and reputation that sets it apart from other cities. If you want your adventures in a Toronto recording studio to be a huge success, treat these pros/cons as gospel:

Advantages

  • The nightlife scene in Downtown Toronto is one of the best across Canada. Whether you’re hosting a gig at a live music venue for established artists or you simply want to take it all in when the hard work is done, you’ll have no trouble finding somewhere to blow off some steam.

  • Toronto’s drinking industry (particularly when it comes to craft beer and micro distilleries) is always ready to cater to a party crowd.

  • Visiting from out of town is a breeze with so many exceptional hotels and Airbnbs to choose from across the city.

Disadvantages

  • Traffic only goes from awful to worse-than-awful between congestion and construction delays.

  • Don’t expect to find free parking. Not only is hunting down a spot a hassle almost everywhere you go, but it will cost you a pretty penny, too.

  • Noise bylaws begin their crackdown at 11 pm (yes, even on weekends), so you’ll want to double-check the clock before cranking up those bass traps.

Planning Your Music Event in Toronto

As much as you may like to, you can’t just secure your recording facility and show up. Follow this planning advice and you’ll certainly give your production a more professional quality.

Stock the Talent SuiteEveryone works better on a full stomach, so snacks are a must. Beyond that, little amenities like water bottles, breath mints, and hand lotion are a nice touch.

Make a Timetable for the DayUnless you’re planning an unstructured writing session, you should at the very least have a defined goal for your time in the studio. This will help keep the ball rolling and ensure your tasks are completed within your rental window.

Sound Check Your Equipment Before Bringing in Clients Nothing comes off more unprofessional than uncooperative tech, even if it’s no fault of your own. Ensuring everything is in working order and producing good quality sound before meeting with clients is a must.

Bring in a Social Media Manager or Content CreatorBehind-the-scenes video content and an impromptu photo shoot will help boost your brand reputation. Trying to juggle shooting something trendy and relevant with your actual job can be overwhelming, so enlist an extra set of hands.

Saving Money on a Toronto Music Event

This is an industry where there’s a lot of riches to be gained, but it also costs money to make money. Here are ways you can up your event quality without surplus capital to sink into your projects.

Work with aspiring artists.

In an industry where a big break is everything, there’s plenty of undiscovered talent willing to trade services for opportunity.

Become a jack of all trades.

The first time you try to wear multiple hats might feel a little overwhelming, but by the second time you do it, you’ll be a multitasking pro.

Limit your time in the live room.

If you show up fully prepared and well-rehearsed, you can cut down on time in the booth and ultimately, the number of recording sessions needed to finish your project. This saves money on both your rental and your staffing.

Book a Music Studio with Giggster

Ready to find a music studio space that's just your jam? The Giggster app can grant you access to every hot recording studio in Toronto, whether you're looking for rehearsal spaces on Queen Street West or a hidden live room where solo artists and sound engineers can work together to make magic.